精神科护理特色学科简介
精神科护理学（psychiatric nursing）是以临床精神医学为背景，以一般护理学理论为基础结合精神障碍具体特点，从生物、社会、心理三方面研究和帮助精神障碍病人恢复健康以及维持健康人健康和预防精神障碍的一门应用性学科。本项目通过查阅国内外相关精神科护理学科建设的文献,剖析我院精神科护理学科的优点和薄弱点,即临床护理和教学工作扎实,但学科人才梯队缺乏, 护理研究基础薄弱,尚未形成亚专科护理科研方向。因此，本项目旨在通过引进国内外先进理念，借鉴参考国际同行经验，重点从以下三方面提升精神护理学科实力：
一、临床护理
1. 形成专科特色化护理模式
借助我院在精神分裂症、心境障碍/神经症、老年认知症的医疗优势,逐步形成上述各专科特色护理模式。
2. 优化临床护理服务流程
在调研患者门诊、入院、住院、出院护理服务过程的基础上，总结以往经验，改善、优化护理服务流程，逐步形成以病人为中心的便捷、高效的临床护理服务流程。
二、科学研究
1.借助我院在精神分裂症、心境障碍/神经症、老年认知症各科医疗优势，形成以三大病种为主要研究方向的护理科研领域。
2.形成以精神分裂症、心境障碍/神经症、老年认知症护理为特色的临床护理教学示范点。
3.精神专科护士培训基地建设。在总结我院以往五年实习生、新入职护士和进修护士培训的基础上，通过查阅文献、专家咨询、实地考察学习等，同时联合交大护理学院的优势教育力量，构建以我院为中心的精神专科护士培训基地，并逐步完善和提高，逐步成为国内一流的精神专科培训基地。
三、教学、人才培养和梯队建设方面
精神科特色护理学科建设，以临床各科特色化护理为基础，以精神专科护士培训基地为平台，在挖掘培养本院护理骨干的同时，通过引进、联合护理人才，初步形成精神分裂症、心境障碍/神经症、老年认知症3个方向的护理科研、教学梯队式团队，最终形成精神专科护理领域的护理专家型、护理教育型及护理科研型的高端人才。
通过四年的建设，预期在精神科临床护理、教学、科研和人才梯队方面初具规模，达到国内同类学科领先水平。
A Brief Introduction to the Characteristic Discipline of Psychiatric Nursing
Psychiatric nursing is an applied discipline based on clinical psychiatry and general nursing theory. It combines the specific characteristics of mental disorders, studies and helps patients with mental disorders to recover health, maintains the health of healthy people and prevents mental disorders from biological, social and psychological aspects. Through reviewing the literature on the construction of psychiatric nursing disciplines at home and abroad, this project analyzed the strengths and weaknesses of psychiatric nursing disciplines in our hospital, that is, solid clinical nursing and teaching work, but lack of talent echelon of disciplines, weak foundation of nursing research, and have not yet formed the direction of sub-specialty nursing research. Therefore, by introducing advanced concepts at home and abroad and referring to the experience of international counterparts, the project aims to enhance the strength of mental nursing discipline in the following three aspects:
I. Clinical Nursing
1. Formation of specialized nursing mode
With the help of our hospital's medical advantages in schizophrenia, mood disorders/neurosis and geriatric cognitive disorders, we aim to gradually form the above-mentioned special nursing modes.
2. Optimizing clinical nursing service process
On the basis of investigating the nursing service process of outpatient, admission, hospitalization and discharge of patients, this project summarizes the past experience, improves and optimizes the nursing service process, and gradually forms a convenient and efficient clinical nursing service process centered on patients.
II. Scientific Research
1. With the help of our hospital's medical advantages in schizophrenia, mood disorders/neurosis and geriatric cognitive disorders, we aim to form a nursing research field with three major diseases as the main research direction.
2. To form a demonstration point of clinical nursing teaching featuring schizophrenia, mood disorders/neurosis and geriatric cognitive disorder nursing.
3. Construction of training base for psychiatric specialist nurses. On the basis of summarizing the training of interns, new nurses and refresher nurses in our hospital in the past five years, through viewing literature, expert consultation, field study, etc., and joining the education advantages of Jiaotong University School of Nursing, we aim to establish a training base for psychiatric specialist nurses with our hospital as the center, and gradually improve to become the first-class psychiatric specialist training base in China.
III. Teaching, Personnel Training and Echelon Building
The construction of characteristic nursing disciplines in psychiatry is based on the characteristic nursing of clinical departments and on the training base of psychiatric specialist nurses. While tapping and training the backbone of nursing in our hospital, the nursing research and teaching echelon teams in three directions of schizophrenia, mood disorders/neurosis and geriatric cognitive disorders are initially formed by introducing and uniting nursing talents, and finally the high-end talent team which includes nursing professionals, nursing educators and nursing research professionals in the field of psychiatric nursing is formed.
Through four years of construction, it is expected to take shape in clinical nursing, teaching, scientific research and talent echelon of psychiatry, reaching the leading level of similar disciplines in China.
